how religion influence the geography and culture

Religions organize themselves – their institutions, practitioners, and structures – in a variety of fashions. Learn more about Ricci’s approach and the relationship between Western and Ming Chinese views of ethics on this webpage. What should she do for lunch? Two common models are used for understanding cultural spread, which include cultural diffusion and cultural region models where concepts of core and periphery of cultural ideas reflects areas where less or more presence of a given culture is present. Geography is one of the factors widely associated by historians with the social, political, and cultural development of a particular region. Climate and geography play major roles in … In most cases, the religious beliefs are inherited, either directly from the people that raised you or from the society that already has, and let us use this word bravely now, an established dominant religion. Do both and you will be happy in both the worlds, and these are disconnected. One element of business culture you may not realize is based on local custom and culture is the notion of time. hamzaabubacar25 hamzaabubacar25 22.10.2020 Religion Senior High School Geography and culture affects religion because 1 Now the simple fact is that geography and culture do not affect your belief the way the skeptic is trying to … And How Religion Affects Culture? GEOGRAPHY Language and religion – Cultural diffusion is the spreading of cultural traits from one group or place to another. Jillian has never fasted and believes the practice can be harmful over prolonged periods, especially in the heat of summer. On the other hand, geographical boundaries meant that some religious groups were limited to a particular region; the Karaite sect in medieval Judaism, for example, was centered in the Jewish community of Babylonia, and from there established branches in Egypt and Russia which for centuries remained the centers of that culture. Are the Values Central to Business Ethics Universal? He financed the founding of the University of Chicago as an institution that would train students to pursue their professional and business interests under the guidance of Christian faith. In July 2018 Mothercare PLC announced to the... What pyramid did Imhotep build in ancient... How did transcendentalism unite American... What is the difference between dark romanticism... What is the significance of transcendentalism in... What were the common themes associated with... Why did transcendentalism develop after... How did transcendentalism affect American... How did transcendentalism start in literature? These differences might significantly affect the foundation of any business relationships you may want to establish around the world. What he failed to predict was that the West would export its culture to the rest of the world and thus grip the entire world in its death throes. Factor # 1. In making his fortune, he pursued markedly Darwinian practices revealing a conviction in survival of the fittest. A Tuareg proverb has it that the first cup of tea is bitter like life, the second sweet like love, and the third gentle like death. Why or why not? Many believed that people could not be persuaded to do the right thing without the threat of eternal damnation. One very prominent discursive tension is apparent in almost any religion, and that is the constant drive towards purity. One example of this singular association is John D. Rockefeller, who, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, commanded the attention given today to Bill Gates and Warren Buffet as emblems of free enterprise. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. The country’s capital is Reykjavik. Religious structures - such as places of worship, and other sacred sites - dominate many landscapes. Religions are neither uniform nor monolithic, of course, nor are they unchanging over time. In the premodern era, very few people moved far from where they grew up, which meant that they were not exposed to cultures (including religions) that were very different from their own. His message was religious, not commercial, but his respectful attitude allowed him to be accepted and trusted by the emperor and administrators. Religion’s role in business is less certain today; we are perhaps more likely to see a universal, secular code of ethics develop than to see religion serve as common ground for different cultures to come together. There was, for centuries, a mutual hostility and demonization between Christians and Muslims that broke into outright conflict during the Crusades; this hostility made it unlikely that members of the two groups would consider adopting each others' faith, though there are areas in southern Europe where the groups lived in peace for a long time until warfare broke out after the collapse of the former Yugoslavia. Next: Are the Values Central to Business Ethics Universal? In judging something as easy or difficult, our attitude and our motivation levels play a key role. Join now. . Log in. Business is primarily about relationships—with employees, business partners, and customers and clients. Join now. How can one cultural trait influence the spread of another cultural trait? These factors are closely linked with our culture. How do you think clothing might affect an international company’s approach to business ethics? Religion affects different cultures in different ways. Employers have the right to establish a dress code and expect employees to abide by it. Might we see a universal, secular code of ethics developing in place of religion? Although the church officially opposed slavery, the conquest of new lands was justified theologically as bringing salvation and civilization to populations considered savage and unsophisticated. This cooperation was evident during the era of mercantilism when the issue of personhood, or the privilege of having the freedom and capacity to make decisions and act morally, was hotly debated in the context of slavery, a practice that had been going on for centuries in the Christian West and the Islamic East. The factors are: 1. The founder of Confucianism, named Confucius, lived from 551 to 479 B.C.E. Religion continues to be a forceful influence on ethical systems. Or perhaps fast with her team and eat at sundown? In Kenya, tutaonana baadaye means “see you later,” although “later” could be any time, open to context and interpretation. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal How could language or religion influence the diffusion of the other? The age of uncomfortable dresses and starched white shirts may be over, but cultural standards, along with underlying values that prioritize, say, innovation over uniformity, change over time and even within the same company. In order for a new faith, or any system of belief, to spread it would need to be carried by people who were on the move for that purpose or some other. Behavioral norms for the clergy were founded and supported by the divine right of kings and the authority of religious tradition ((Figure)). In its study of leadership effectiveness and organizational behavior across cultures, the GLOBE leadership project of the Beedie School of Business at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, Canada, found leader effectiveness is contextual and strongly connected to cultural and organizational values. © copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. Geography and regional cultural practices also play a significant role. No one was more convinced of the link between religious faith and success in business than Rockefeller, who clung to his Baptist faith from his early years until his death in 1937. Just as concepts of time and space vary from culture to culture, so do the influence of religious tradition and authority on ethics and what is considered appropriate behavior, whether individual or corporate. Cultural Geography, Chapter 6 (Religion) study guide by Kayla_Oden includes 36 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. Ask your question. All of this speaks to the awareness and cultural sensitivity that must be exhibited by an ethical manager doing business in a region different from his or her own. Dialogue and openness are crucial to this process, just as they are in every other kind of relationship. - Definition & Role in Society, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. The interaction of culture and geography is called human geography, which is the study of people's language, religion, medicine, economics and entertainment and how these practices have been influenced by their location. People may speak the same language but have quite different beliefs either as members of different major religions … In the modern era, the ease of travel and communication makes it possible for even religious traditions associated with specific regions to spread far beyond their borders, as has been the case with Tibetan Buddhism (which is now under threat in Tibet itself). It can affect the same culture in different ways at different times. Moreover, the state or crown often worked side by side with the church in the past, choosing certain teachings over others to promote its own interests. There are different religions today because there are different value systems around the world—the ways in which people think they are going to become happy. Still, as Ida Tarbell pointed out in her work, Rockefeller’s business ethics were not above reproach. The forces of culture are strong, and they infiltrate almost everything in our daily lives, with religion being no exception. Religious Influence in Society. How does religion help and/or hurt society? Business Ethics by Rice University is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Have lunch in one of the local restaurants that cater to Westerners? Another aspect of international business relationships is the question of personal space. Some ways that religion affects culture are that it inspires great works of art and architecture and that it often defines socially acceptable behavior in countries strongly influenced by it. Places along the coast may have an oceangoing culture. Scholars are also aware that these definitions are not static. ? Spirituality and Religion . She proposes several times that team members keep up their strength by drinking water or tea, but her suggestions are met with awkward silence. Most religions transition thr… Until the seventeenth century, religion and ethics were nearly inseparable. Geography affects a business’s relationship with almost any type of stakeholder, from stockholders and employees to customers, the government, and the environment. Until 1975 Buddhism was officially recognized as the state religion of Cambodia. What do you think would be the effect of Jillian’s accepting the local custom but continuing her own personal preference at mealtimes? Business attire is another, as is humor, which is notoriously hard to translate across languages and cultures. If so, how would it accommodate the differences across time, regions, and cultures discussed in this chapter? Learn more about Iceland, including its history. An early 20th-century philosopher spoke of the impending decline of the West. ADVERTISEMENTS: The following points highlight the four main factors of geography that have influence on society and culture. Consider, for example, that in the United States, we might speak of “a New York minute,” “the nick of time,” “the eleventh hour,” and so on. Values of Protestant Christianity were often used to justify ________. So, the seemingly innocuous gesture of a handshake to cement a new business relationship might be viewed very differently depending on where it occurs and who is shaking hands. For example, the Italian subito and the German sofort both refer to something happening “at once” or “straightaway,” but with different expectations about when the action, in fact, will take place. The most studied component of the geography of religion is the religious landscape, or the religious imprint on the material cultural landscape. All three of these religions teach that no harm should be done to others, nor should people be treated as means toward a material end like wealth. Cambodia - Cambodia - Religion: Most ethnic Khmer are Theravada (Hinayana) Buddhists (i.e., belonging to the older and more traditional of the two great schools of Buddhism, the other school being Mahayana). People tend to follow rules for marriage, work, business, death and other aspects of life. The Church provided sanction and divine recognition for governments of the day in the form of "Divine Right".The Church was responsible for the ordination of kings and often arbitrated disputes over territory. Did you know that every region of France has its own kind of wine and bread .There are like 400 different types of cheeses all classified by the type of milk they are made with (cow, goat, or ewe)they are all made in France How does A major factor in the difference that geography and culture make in our ethical standards is the influence of religious practice. Geography is very important to understanding culture. How Geography Affects Religion? 2. In the movie The Intern, Robert De Niro’s senior character wears conservative blue and gray suits to his job at an e-commerce fashion startup, whereas the younger men dress very casually. By the time of the Industrial Revolution and postindustrial eras, Protestantism and its values of frugality, hard work, and simplicity (the “Protestant ethic”) had helped create a culture of individualism and entrepreneurship in the West, particularly in Great Britain and the United States. Like language, religion confers identity. How would you reconcile cultural differences between so-called contact and noncontact cultures in the context of business negotiations? The nomadic inhabitants of North Africa known as the Tuareg sit down to tea before discussing any business, and as a rule, the longer the time spent in preliminary conversation, the better. Of the forces shaping the geography of culture, language and religion are two of the most powerful, but as a divisive force religion plays a more prominent role. Mithraism, for example, was spread throughout the Roman world by soldiers who often had to serve in areas far from their places of birth; while Islam spread through military conquest (as in Spain and the Balkans), or through trade (as in Indonesia). The study also concluded that, although leaders learn to adapt to cultural expectations, they often have to exceed those expectations to be truly successful. Monasteries were set up throughout Europe as either destinations or as waystations for pilgrimages. (credit left: modification of “Taj Mahal” by Suraj rajiv/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0; credit right: modification of “Cour de Marbre du Château de Versailles October 5, 2011” by Kimberly Vardeman/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0), Ricci’s approach and the relationship between Western and Ming Chinese views of ethics, episode of “American Experience” on John D. Rockefeller, Sr. from the Public Broadcasting System. Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. As global markets become increasingly connected and interdependent, we navigate more of our valued relationships across international boundaries. Variations in religious landscapes also give particular regions a unique character and can be seen in the form, orientation, density, and architecture of structures. A huge factor in different cultures is different religions. Such adaption often starts with language translation but may include customizing content or products to the tastes and consumption habits of the local market; converting currencies, dates, and other measurements to regional standards; and addressing community regulations and legal requirements. The Workplace Environment and Working Conditions, Contributing to a Positive Work Atmosphere, Criticism of the Company and Whistleblowing, Recognizing and Respecting the Rights of All, Accommodating Different Abilities and Faiths, Animal Rights and the Implications for Business, Ethical Issues in the Provision of Health Care, Changing Work Environments and Future Trends, Alternatives to Traditional Patterns of Work, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and the Workplace of the Future, Business Ethics in an Evolving Environment, Making a Difference in the Business World, Profiles in Business Ethics: Contemporary Thought Leaders. The Relationship Between Geography and Religion It can be clearly sensed by the influence of religion shaping our world, being understood by what inhabits it. As a general rule, “contact” cultures—where people stand closer together when interacting, touch more often, and have more frequent direct eye contact—are found in South America, the Middle East, and southern Europe, while “noncontact” cultures—where eye contact and touching are less frequent, and there is less physical proximity during interactions—are in northern Europe, the Far East, and the United States. And, of course, miscommunications can occur not just across regional boundaries and business cultures but even within them. Motions of the Earth 2. Ancient Egyptian Religion and the Nile River. However, as we have seen, the ethical standards by which business is conducted can vary depending on culture and time. Religion leaves an imprint on landscape, through culture and lifestyle. Natural Resources. Ethical standards and practices governing these relationships depend on the environment they exist in, an environment that, in turn, depends on additional factors such as geography and religion. Fish might be a major part of their diet. Such expressions make sense in a culture where the enculturation process emphasizes competition and speed. Distribution of Land Mass and Water Mass 3. Generally, the farther east and south we travel from the United States, the more time becomes relational rather than chronological. What is your opinion about workplace dress codes, and how far should employers go in setting dress and other behavior standards? The opposite is also true—the geographical unity of the Roman Empire, which was organized around cities connected to one another by an elaborate system of roads, made it possible for Christianity to spread from the eastern Meditteranean to Europe and northern Africa. The practice of religion is inseparably tied to our cultural habitat. This can be a matter of managing expectations. or else why had He lavished such bounty on him?”. Also important in th… And some cultures do not measure the passage of time at all. The specific cultural contexts in which religions form may also make them difficult for others to understand or appreciate; ancient Roman writers, for example, found the Jewish practice of circumcision incomprehensible, and it was commonly believed that the Jews were not circumcised but castrated. The place of our birth and our cultural environment heavily influence our behavior. In perceiving something as good or bad, our biases play a role and so does our way of thinking. She has decided to leave well enough alone as long as everyone does their work, but now she faces a dilemma. Until the Reformation, the Church was a power to be reckoned with in both religious and secular matters. 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